Chapter 19

Chapter 19 discussed the Ottoman Empire, Japan, and China. The Ottoman Empire controlled South East Europe, African, and Asia. One goal of the Ottoman Empire's attempts at modernization was to better integrate the empire's many non-Muslim communities. In China, they were known to be a dependent, semi-colonial country, which they strived to change and become more independent. During the 1860s and 1870s, China developed a self-strengthening plan that sought to uplift the traditional Chinese culture while including ideas from the west. This turned out to be a failure due to the Boxer Rebellion (1898-1901). The outcome of the Boxer Rebellion was that foreign occupation of Bejing and large reparation from China's government. In Japan, they used its newfound industrial, economic, and military power to begin building its own empire in East Asia.

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